KECEMASAN DAN DEPRESI PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI: SEBUAH STUDI DESKRIPTIF
Keywords:
hipertensi, kecemasan, depresiAbstract
Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia yang tidak hanya berdampak pada kondisi fisik, tetapi juga psikologis, seperti kecemasan dan depresi. Gangguan psikologis dapat memengaruhi kontrol tekanan darah dan kepatuhan pengobatan, sehingga penting untuk mengetahui kondisi emosional penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan tingkat kecemasan dan depresi pada penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan total sampel 115 responden penderita hipertensi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Kecemasan diukur menggunakan Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). Depresi diukur dengan Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Sebagian besar responden berusia 61–70 tahun (33,9%), berpendidikan SD (35,7%), dan tidak bekerja (76,5%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, sebanyak 80% responden tidak mengalami kecemasan, 14,8% mengalami kecemasan ringan, dan 5,2% kecemasan sedang. Untuk depresi, 73,9% responden tidak mengalami depresi, 19,1% depresi ringan, 6,1% depresi sedang, dan 0,9% depresi berat. Sebagian besar penderita hipertensi tidak mengalami kecemasan maupun depresi, meskipun sebagian kecil masih mengalami gangguan psikologis ringan. Kondisi ini menunjukkan pentingnya integrasi aspek psikologis dalam manajemen hipertensi agar pengendalian tekanan darah dan kualitas hidup pasien lebih optimal.
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